Pendulum lens apparatus



Oct. 30, 1928. 1,689,624 s. A. ESKLSON El' AL PENDULUM LENS APPARATUS Filed Nov.` 15. 1927 *2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY T ORS.

Oct. 30, 1928.

S. A. ESKILSON ET AL PENDULUM LENS .laPPAfmUsl 11 1N VENTO/e3 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 15. 1927 A TTORNEY Patented oa. 3o, 1928.

svnN AUGUST ESKILSON AND HUGO ABYRAMSON, oF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNQRS 'ro AMERICAN GASAocUMULATon ooM roRATroN on NEWJERSEY. c

PANVY, OF ELIZABETH, N EW JERSEY, A. COR- PENDULUM LENS APPARATUS.

Application Afiled November 2.5, 1927, Serial No. 233,393, and in Germany March`12, 1927.

In the case of signal lights upon steamships,'boats, buoys, and the like, itis required there isa minimumofmovement due to the rolling and Apitching of such Steamship, .boat and the like. f In such means usually the pendulum is suspended from a .support consist ing lof a universal joint, for example, a Cardan Joint, and connections, are provided between such support yandthe lens apparatus .f

which i-n tur-nis likewise 4`supported upon .a universal vor Cardan joint structure. Such connections operate to maintain the axis of the lens apparatus and ot the pendulum substantially vertical. Hence it follows that it the pendulum depends in a vertical direction the lens apparatus will be supportedfwith its axis extending in a substantially vertical di rection. v

It sometimes happens, Ias in the case of sudden horizontal movements of the Steamship, boat, buoy, or the like, that the point or points of suspension of the pendulum get a horizontal movement, whereby the pendulum is caused to swing through a relatively large angle or arc. Thereby it may happenthat the swinging movements oit the pendulum'will be in syuchrony with the rolling orl pitching movements oi' the Steamship, boat, buoy, or the like. In both oit these cases the pendulum may swing through relatively wide angles or arcs, therebyimparting relatively wide pivotal swinging movements to the lens apparatus whichwould be objectionable, and should be obviated or less-1r ened to such extent as may be practicable.

The general object of our invention is to provide means in the connections between the pendulum andthe lens apparatus oi a pendulum lens apparatus which acts to retard and to control the swinging movements of the pendulum to thereby limit in large degree the Y extent of swinging movements ol the pendulum as well as the duration thereof to thereby also control the pivotal or swinging movements vof the lens apparatus.

, It also 1s an object of the invention to prol vide an improved and novel construction of connections between the pendulum `and the lens apparatus, including means for causing and controlling the flow of a fluid, to regulate and control the swinging movements of the f tween the pendu-lum and the lens apparatus including means whereby the oscillatory I moven'lents of the pendulum are retarded and thereby caused to cease after relatively short periods of time.

l/Ve shall notattempt-to point out hereall or the various objects and advantages of our invention, but other objects and advantages thereoi' will be referred to in the detailed devscriptionot the same which follows or will b Vapparent trom such description.

accompanying drawings in whichlwe have illustrated certain formsV of embodiment yof devices constructed in accordance with and` exempliiiying the princi ples. of rthe invention.

In the drawings.: V

Fig. l is a view partly in vertical section and partly in elevation of Va pendulum lens apparatus embodying the invention,

Fig. 2v is a view in longitudinal section of a portion of one oi' the connections between the lens and the lens apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. l3 is a view similar to that of Fig. 2 y

showing a modified construction of connection embodyingthe invention; and

. Fis construction thereof. s

In the drawings we have shown a lens apparatus, indicated as awhole at l, which is supported upon a universal or Cardanjoint structure whichl in ,turnr is supported upon upright posts or standards 2. vThe Cardan joint structure comprises an inner member 2 pi'votally supported by means of .tru-unions 3, only one of which is shown in dottedlines in Fig. 1, which are mounted in.V bearings e. lis a similar view of another `modifiedy upon 'the Vmember 4 which is pivotally sup*n ported by means of trunnions 5 mounted in i by means of trunnions 10 mountedin bearings at the lower endsoi' the posts or standards 2. The axes of the trunnions 8 extend at right angles to the axes ofthe trunnions 10 as illustrated. j

Transmission or transference ofthe movements of the pendulum 6 to the lens apparatus 1 is effected through thev connections or transmission. means each of which comprises two rods 11 or 11. The connection may be executed betweeny the members l2a and 7 only,

e. in which case three rods or 'wires, located at atriangular relation to each other7 are` ernployed. In any case the joints 11b preierably consist of Cardan joints.

. 'Referring now to the construction asillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted 'that thevrods or wires11 of the respective connections` are connected together by .means of yielding connections indicated as a whole at 12. The transmission or transfer connections comprising the rods 11y and the connections between the inner endsl of the latter are interposed between the members 2?1 and 7 .and are connected thereto as illustrated in Fig. 1 Vof the draw-` ings, while the transmission or transfer connecti ons including the rods 11 and the means `for connecting vthe inner ends thereof are connected at their opposite ends to the members Y 4 and 9. The respective connections are identical inconstruction; hence a description of one' will suffice for all.

Except for the construction ot the means for connecting the inner, ends of the rods 11 and 11a of the respective transmission connections, the construction as illustrated in Fig. 1 is already known and constitutes no Vpart of our invention.

Yals

VOne form of` embodiment of our invention is illustrated in detail in Fig. 2, in which the upper end ot' thelower rod 11 is connected at 13 to a cap 14 which is provided with an internally screw threaded annular portion 15 which is located between the lower ends of the tubes 16 and 17 the latter ot which 'is located interiorly and concentrically of the former. Theannular flange portion 15 is connected'to both o'f Vthe said tubes, its connectionto the interior tubev 17 being a screw threaded connection as shown. The tubes 16 and 17 are spaced 'from each other so as to a plurality of openings 19. The upper end of said tube 17, which terminatesa substantial distance below the upper end of the tube 16, is provided with a block or head 20'which fits closely within the tube`16 and ispr'ovided lwith longitudinally 'extending passageways v 21 at intervals in the periphery th ereoig' whereby communication betweenV the annular chamber 18 andthe portion of the tube 16 'above the block or head 2Oy is eected. The interior oi 'the upper end. of the tube 17 is in communication with one or more of the passageways 21 through one or s more smaller restricted passageways 22, thet-ransver'se areas o which a may be varied. lIt will be seen, therefore, that the interior ot the upperv end portion of the interior tube 17 is in ,communication through the passageways 21 and 22 with the portion of the tube 16 above the block or head f 2O and also with the annular Vchamber 18.

The lower end portion of the upper of the rods 11 of each transmission connection which includes the said rods 11 is provided Vwith a head 26 constituting apiston which closely fits the interior ofthe said tube 17'. For the vreduced vportion 25 which extends through the block or head 20- into the tube 17 and is l provided upon its inner lower end with a purpose oi' rendering the joint between the reduced lower end portion 25 and the block or head 2O watertight we have provided packiV ing rings as indicatedat 27. Also `for, the purpose of rendering the joint between vthe piston head 26 and the tube 17 water-tight we have provided a packing ring 28. lnstead of packingrings 27, 28 anyA other tightening means, such as labyrinth packings or the like may be used.

Vl on An axial openingv 3() is provided through the head or piston 26r the inner end of which terminates in the lower end portion of the reduced part 25l at a point a `short distance above the upperrside o'f the piston head 26.V

Openings 31 are provided by means otof the said spring is seated against or upon Vthe valve 355 while the upper-end thereof(l is. seated against the inner end of the opening 30. The tendencyof thevsaid spring to 'er7` pand normally holds or tends to hold the valve 35 in closed position.

The'tubes 16 and 17 are provided with a Y bination of a pendulum, a lens supporta connection betweenthe said pendulum and the said support, `which connection comprises means whereby the movements of the pendulumV are retarded. f f

2. A pendulum lens apparatus, comprisinga connection between a pendulum and a lens apparatus, which connection comprises yielding means tending to eifect retardation of the vmovements of the said pendulum.

, 3. A pendulum lens apparatus, comprising a pendulum and a lens, and a connection between the said pendulum and lens whereby the' oscillatory movements of the former are adapted to be transmitted to the latter, said connection comprising members movable tof ward and from each other, and yielding means between said members for transferring movement from one to the other thereof, y

4. Ay pendulum lens apparatus in which a Y connection between the :pendulum and the lens apparatus for transmitting the move-- ments ofthe former to the latter comprises members, movable toward and from each other, yielding means whereby movements of thesaid members are transmitted from one to the other, and means operating to retard the movements of said members toward or from each other whereby retardation of the movements of the pendulum is effected.

Y A pendulum lens apparatus in which a `connection between the pendulum and lens apparatus for transmitting movement of the formerto the latter comprises a plurality `of members telescopingly connected, which members ai'e relatively movable toward and from each other, and means for retarding the relative movements of said members.

`6. A pendulum lens apparatus in which a connection between the pendulum and the lens apparatus for transmitting movements of the former to the latter comprises a plural- 'ity oit rods, .yielding means for transmitting movements of one of said' members to the other, and means. for retarding the relative movements of said members.

7. A endulum lens apparatus in which. a connection-between the pendulum and the lens apparatus for transmitting the movements of the Jformer to the latter comprises a plurality of rods, the inner end of one of which is connected to the closed lower ends of two concentric tubes, the diameter of one of which is substantially less than that of the other to provide an intermediate annular space, the opposite end of the inner of said tubes being provided with a head which fits closely within the exterior tube, which head has one or more passageways to effect communication between the upper end portion of the exterior tube and with the said annular space, and the inner end of the other ot said rods extending through said head into the r inner tube and terminating in a piston which is movable therein, saidpiston being provided with a valve controlled opening for eiecting Y communication between the-portions ot the said inner tube upon opposite sides of the.

is operatively connected to the pendulum and the upper end of the other one of which is operatively connected tothe lens apparatus, a couple of concentric tubes the exterior diameter of the inner tube being substantiallyless n than'the internal diameter of the exterior tube,-and the lower ends ofthe said tubesbe'-v l ing closed, and the upper end of the lower of said rods being connected to the said closed ends, and the inner tube being of a length less than that of the exterior tube and provided at its upper end with ahead which fits closely within the exterior tube, said head having one or more channels extending therethrough and providing communication between the spa-oe between the inner and exterior tubes and the portion ofthe exterior tube above the said head, and the upper end 0f the interior tube being rprovided with laterall openings which are in'communication with the first named openings through the said head, and the lower end of the other of. said rodsextending through said head into the tube and teriniiiating in a piston head which isprovided with a. valve controlled opening therethrough by means of which communication may be 'efies ected between the portions of the inner tube upon` opposite sides of the said piston head yielding means interposed between the said piston head and the said `interior tube torV transmitting the longitudinal movements of thesaid rods to each other,.and means within said tubes for resisting and retarding the relative movements Vot the said rods.

9. A pendulum lens apparatus in which a connection between the pendulum and the lens apparatus for transmitting the Vmovements of the former to the latter comprises a couple of rods arranged in succession, the lower end ot the lower rod havingV operative connection with the said pendulum, and the upper end of the upper rod having operative connection with the said lens apparatus, tubular members interposed between thesaid rods, and means Within Said tubular members for regulating and Controlling the relative movements of said rods axially with respect to each other.

10. A pendulum lens apparatus in which a ,connection between the pendulum and the lens apparatus for transmitting;r the movements of the former to the latter ycomprises a plurality y of rods, and yielding means for connecting the opposing upper and lower ends ofsaid rods and adapted to transmit the movements 'd of one to the other.

11. In a pendulum lens apparatus, the comb ination of a pendulum, a lens support, a connection between the said pendulum and the said support, which connection comprises a dash pot whereby relative movements between the pendulum and the said lens apparatus are retarded.

12. In a pendulum lens apparatus, the comn supporting said pendulum, a lens, a Cardan joint for supporting said lens, and a plurality of connections between the said Cardan joints, each of said connections including yielding means whereby movements of the said pendulum are retarded.

In testimony that we claim thefforegoing as our invention we have hereunto signed oui` names this 19th day of October, A. D. 1927.

SVEN AUGUST ESKILSON. HUGO ABRAMSON. 

